What is biological soil crust?
Biological soil crust is a living crust of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), bacteria, algae, lichen, mosses and fungi that covers much of the soil surface in this area. It is almost invisible in its early stages. As it matures, it develops a bumpy, blackish surface. The crust is essential to desert life. It holds sand together, retains water, and makes nutrients needed for larger plants to grow.

It takes over 100 years for the crust to reach full development, yet tire tracks and footsteps can crush it instantaneously. Bike and vehicle tire tracks are especially damaging because they form ruts. When it rains water flows in these ruts causing severe erosion. Drive or bike only on open roads or trails. When hiking cross-country, walk on slickrock or in dry washes to avoid trampling biological soil crust.

Show All Answers

1. How do I get to the Sand Flats Recreation Area?
2. Who manages the Sand Flats Recreation Area?
3. What is the user fee at the Sand Flats Recreation Area?
4. Does my federal or state pass work at Sand Flats?
5. Where do my fees go?
6. Does Sand Flats have an annual pass? How do I purchase a pass?
7. Can I camp at the Sand Flats Recreation Area and what does it cost?
8. What are the Sand Flats Recreation Area camping regulations?
9. Does Sand Flats take group site reservations?
10. What is minimum impact?
11. What is biological soil crust?
12. What are the Sand Flats Recreation Area day use regulations?
13. What do I need to know for playing it safe when riding my bike at Sand Flats?
14. Where can I ride my e-bike at Sand Flats?
15. How difficult is mountain biking on the Slickrock Bike trail?
16. What is the Porcupine Rim Trail like?
17. What is the LPS trail?
18. Where can I hike at Sand Flats?
19. Does Sand Flats have 4x4 trails?
20. What are some safety tips for traveling in the Sand Flats backcountry by motorized vehicle?
21. Where can I ride my ATV at Sand Flats?
22. Where can I ride my UTV at Sand Flats?
23. Where can I ride my motorcycle at Sand Flats?
24. Can I bring my dog?
25. Do you waive fees for volunteer groups?